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Let us keep in mind there are two basic kinds of orders, market and limitation. There is a lot more complexity to it than that but for the moment it'll be sufficient. A market order may be considered an active order as it attracts the liquidity of existing limit orders that we'll consider the passive counterpart. Limit orders will also be the origin of this spread. A limit order says you will transact at a given price, and we're given two groups of individuals with alternative desires in the market. One group wants to sell, another to buy. The...